|
Dugan
MER, Aalhus JL, Jeremiah LE, Kramer JKG, Schaefer AL. The
effects of feeding conjugated linoleic acid on subsequent
port quality. Can J Anim Sci 1999; 79:45-51.(pdf)
Duckett
SK, Wagner DG, Yates LD, Dolezal HG, May SG. 1993. Effects
of time on feed on beef nutrient composition. J.
Anim. Sci. 71:2079-2088.(pdf)
Fautsman
C, Chan WKM, Schaefer DM, Havens A. Beef color update:
the role for Vitamin E. 1998. J. Anim. Sci. 76:1019-1026.(pdf)
French
P, O’Riordan EG, O’Kiely P, Caffrey PJ, Moloney
AP. 2001. Intake and growth of steers offered different
allowances of autumn grass and concentrates. Anim.
Sci. 72:129-138.(pdf)
French
P, O’Riordan, EG, Monahan FJ, Caffrey PF, Moloney AP.
2003. Fatty acid composition of intra-muscular triacylglycerols
of steers fed utumn grass and concentrates. Livestock
Production Science. 81:307-317.(pdf)
French P, Stanton C, Lawless F, O’Riordan EG, Monahan
FJ, Caffrey PJ, Moloney, AP, 2000. Fatty acid composition,
including conjugated linoleic acid of intramuscular fat from
steers offered grazed grass, grass silage or concentrate-based
diets. J. Anim. Sci. 78:2849-2855.(pdf)
Gerster
H. Vitamin A-functions, dietary requirements and safety
in humans. Int. J. Vitam. Nutri Res. 1997; 67:71-90.(pdf)
Harbige
LS. Nutrition and immunity with emphasis on infection
and autoimmune disease. Nutri Health 1996; 10:285-312.(pdf)
Institute
of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes:
Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper,
Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanddium,
and Zinc. Natioanl Academy Press, Washington, DC,
2001.
Institute
of Medicine, Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy,
Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein
and Amino Acids. The National Academies Press. September
2002. Web address http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/4/154/0.pdf
or http://www.nap.edu
for the entire document.
Ip
C, Scimeca JA, Thompson HJ. Conjugated Linoleic Acid.
Cancer Supp.1994; 74(3):1050-1054.
Ip
C, Singh M, Thompson JH, Scimeca JA. Conjugated linoleic
acid suppresses mammary carcinogenesis and proliferative activity
of the mammary gland in the rat. Cancer Res. 1994;
54:1212-5.
Jialal
I and Fuller CJ. Effect of vitamine E, vitamin C and
beta-carotene on LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis.
Can J Cardiol 1995; 11 Suppl G:97G-103G.(pdf)
Kritchevsky
D, Tepper SA, Wright S, Tso P, Czarnecki SK. Influence
of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on establishment and progression
of atherosclerosis in rabbits. J Amer Coll of Nutri
2000; 19(4):472S-477S.(pdf)
Leske
MC, Chylack LT Jr., He Q, Wu SY, Schoenfeld E, Friend J, Wolfe
J. Antioxidant vitamins and nuclear opacities: The
longitudinal study of cataract. Ophthalmology 1998;
105:831-6.(pdf)
Lonn
EM, Yusuf S. Is there a role for antioxidant vitamins
in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases? An update on
epidemiological and clinical trials data. Can J Cardiol
1997;13:957-65.(pdf)
McClure
EK, Belk KE, Scanga JA, Smith GC. 2002. Determination
of appropriate Vitamin E supplementation levels and administration
times to ensure adequate muscle tissue alpha-tocopherol concentration
in cattle destined for the Nolan Ryan tender-aged beef program.
2002. Animal Sciences Research Report. The Department of Animal
Sciences, Colorado State University.
Melhus
H, Michaelsson K, Kindmark A, Bergstrom R, Holmberg L, Mallmin
H, Wolk A, Ljunghall S. Excessive dietary intake of
vitamin A is associated with reduced bond mineral density
and increased risk of hip fracture. Ann Intern Med.
1998; 129:770-778.(pdf)
National
Institute of Health Clinical Nutrition Center, 2002: Facts
about dietary supplements: Vitamin A and Carotenoids.
Pariza
MW, Park Y, Cook ME. Mechanisms of action of conjugated
linoleic acid: evidence and speculation. P.S.E.B.M.
2000; 223:8-13.(pdf)
Park
Y, Albright KJ, Liu W, Storkson JM, Cook Me, Pariza ME. Effect
of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition in mice.
Lipids 1997; 32:853-58.(pdf)
Parodi
PW. Cows’ milk fat components as potential anticarcinogenic
agents. J Nutr 1997; 127:1055-1060.(pdf)
Riserus
U, Arner P, Brismar K, Vessby B. 2002. Treatment with
dietary trans 10 cis 12 conjugated linoleic acid causes isomer
specific insulin resistance in obese men with the metabolic
syndrome. Diabetes Care 25, 1516-1521.(pdf)
Roche
HM, Noone E, Sewter C, McBennett S, Savage D, Gibney MJ, O’Rahilly
S, Vidal-Plug AJ. 2002. Isomer-dependent metabolic
effects of conjugated linoleic acid: insights from molecular
markers sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c and LXR
alpha. Diabetes 51, 2037-2044. (pdf)
Ross
AC. Vitamin A and Retinoids. In: Shils ME, Olson J, Shike
M, Ross AC, ed. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease.
9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999.(pdf)
Sehat
N, Rickert RR, Mossoba MM, Dramer JKG, Yurawecz MP, Roach
JAG, Adlof RO, Morehouse KM, Fritsche J, Eulitz KD, Steinhart
H, Ku K. Improved separation of conjugated fatty acid
methyl esters by silver ion-high-performance liquid chromatography.
Lipids 1999; 34:407-413.(pdf)
Semba
RD. The role of vitamin A and related retinoids in
immune function. Nutr Rev 1998:56:S38-48.
Simonne
AH, Green NR, Bransby JI. Consumer acceptability and
beta-carotene content of beef as related to cattle finishing
diets. J Food Sci 1996:61:1254-1256.
Sisk
M, Hausman D, Martin R, Azain M. Dietary conjugated
linoleic acid reduces adiposity in lean but not obese Zucker
rats. J Nutr. 2001; 131:1668-74.(pdf)
Smedman
A, Vessby B. Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation
in humans – metabolic effects. J. Nutr. 2001;
36:773-81.
Stampfer
MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Willett
WC. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary
disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993; 328:1444-9.
Stephens
D., Jackson PL, Gutierrez Y. Subclinical vitamin A
deficiency: A potentially unrecognized problem in the United
States. Pediatr Nurs 1996:22:377-89, 456.(pdf)
Teikari
JM, Virtamo J, Rautalahi M, Palmgren J, Liestro K, Heinonen
OP. Long-term supplementation with alpha-tocopherol
and beta-carotene and age-related cataract. Acta
Ophthalmol Scand 1997; 75:634-40.(pdf)
Tsuboyama-Kasaoka
N, Takahashi M, Tanemura K, Kim HJ, Tange T, Okuyama H, Kasai
M, Ikemoto SS, Ezaki O. 2000. Conjugated linoleic
acid supplementation reduces adipose tissue by apoptosis and
develops lipodystrophy in mice. Diabetes 49, 1534-1542.(pdf)
University
of Maryland Medicine, 2002: http://www.umm.edu/altmed/ConsSupplements/BetaCarotenecs.html
Weitberg
AB and Corvese D. Effect of vitamin E and beta-carotene
on DNA strand breakage induced by tobacco-specific nitrosamines
and stimulated human phagocytes. J Exp Clin Cancer
Res 1997; 16:11-4. (pdf)
Wood
JD, Enser M. Factors influencing fatty acids in meat
and the role of antioxidants in improving meat quality.
1997. British J of Nutrition 78:S49-S60.(pdf)
Yang
A, Brewster MJ, Lanari MC, Tume RK. Effect of vitamin
E supplementation on a-tocopherol and ß-carotene concentrations
in tissues from pasture and grain-fed cattle. Meat
Science 2002a; 60(1):35-40.
Yang
A, Lanari MC, Brewster M, Tume RK. Lipid stability
and meat colour of beef from pasture and grain-fed cattle
with or without vitamin E supplement. 2002b. Meat
Science 60:41-50.
Zambell
KL, Keim NL, Van Loan MD, Gale B, Benito P. conjugated
linoleic acid supplementation in humans: effects on body composition
and energy expenditure. Lipids. 2000; 35:777-82.(pdf)
Additional
Research
Williams,
2000. C.M. Williams, Dietary fatty acids and human
health. Annales Zootechnie 49 (2000), pp. 165-180.(pdf) |
