| Rules for Citing Using Chicago Style
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- Chicago Manual of Style and Turabian’s
Manual for Writers allow for two different citation
practices. This handout explains how to create a bibliography
and use endnotes/footnotes. For information on author-date
reference lists and text citations, see the Chicago
Manual of Style, sections 16.90-16.20, or Manual
for Writers, chapter 10.
- When using this style, you must choose to either:
-Use abbreviated footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography at the end of the paper
that cites each
source in full.
-Use footnotes or endnotes to provide a full citation at the point of reference.
This does not require a separate bibliography.
- List author first. If no author is present, use the editor’s name. If no editor is present, start with the book title or article title.
- Spell out author names. Do not use initials unless they are used by the author on the publication. In footnotes and endnotes, list the author’s name in normal order (First Last). In a bibliography citation, list the author’s last name, followed by a comma then the author’s first and/or middle name.
- Book and periodical titles should be in italics.
- Chapter and article titles should be contained in quotation marks.
- Capitalize each word in the titles of articles, books,
etc. This rule does not apply to indefinite or definite
articles (a, an, the), short prepositions, or conjunctions
unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle.
See Chapter 16 and 17 of the Chicago Manual of Style for
more citation examples.
See Chapters 8 and 9 of Turabian’s Manual for Writers
for more citation examples.
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| Citation Examples
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B = Bibliography citation examples
N = Detailed footnote and endnote citation examples |
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| Book, one author: |
B: Fussell, Paul. The Great War and Modern Memory. New York:
Oxford
University Press, 1975.
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N: 2. Paul Fussell, The Great War and Modern Memory (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1975).
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| Chapter from book: |
B: Marcus, Jane. "The Asylums of Antaeus:
Women, War, and Madness-Is There a Feminist?"
Fetishism?"
In The New Historicism, edited by H. Aram Veeser,
132-151.
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N: 7. Jane Marcus, "The Asylums of Antaeus: Women, War, and Madness - Is There
a Feminist
Fetishism?" in The New Historicism, ed. H. Aram Veeser, 132-151 (New York:
Routledge, 1989).
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| Journal article (print, microfilm, PDF), one author: |
B: Mott, Frederick Walker. "The Effects of
High Explosives Upon the Central Nervous
System."
The
Lancet 1 (1916): 331-338.
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N: 12. Frederick Walker Mott, "The Effects of High Explosives Upon the Central
Nervous
System," The Lancet 1 (1916): 331-338.
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| Journal article (online from a library subscription database), two authors: |
B: Schneiderman, Lawrence, and Nancy Jecker. "Judging Who Should Live:
Schneiderman and
Jecker on the Duty Not to Treat." Journal of Medicine &
Philosophy 23(1998): 500-515.
http://search.epnet.com/.
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N: 20. Lawrence Schneiderman and Nancy Jecker, "Judging Who Should Live:
Schneiderman
and Jecker on the Duty Not to Treat," Journal of Medicine & Philosophy
23(1998): 500-515.
http://search.epnet.com/.
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| Journal article (online from an Internet-only journal. Time sensitive information requires access date: |
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B: Rosen, Peter A., and Rick L. Wilson. "An Analysis of the Defense First Strategy in
College
Football Overtime Games." Journal of Qualitative Analysis in
Sports 3:2 (2007),
http://www.bepress.com/jqas/vol3/iss2/1.
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N: 22. Peter A. Rosen and Rick L. Wilson, "An Analysis of the Defense First
Strategy in College
Football Overtime Games," Journal of Qualitative Analysis
in Sports 3:2 (2007),
http://www.bepress.com/jqas/vol3/iss2/1.
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| Newspaper article (print, microfilm, PDF), one author: |
B: Tommasini, Anthony. "Master Teachers Whose Artistry Glows in Private." New
York Times,
October 27, 1998, B2.
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N: 25. Anthony Tommasini, “Master Teachers Whose Artistry Glows in Private,”
New York
Times, October 27, 1998, B2.
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| Newspaper article (print, microfilm, PDF), no known author: |
B: New York Times, "Cigarette sales fall 30% as California tax rises,"
September 14, 1999, A17.
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N: 32. “Cigarette Sales Fall 30% as California Tax Rises,” New York Times,
September 14, 1999, A17.
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| Newspaper article (online version), one author: |
B: Steinberg, Jacques. "HBO Chief Takes Leave After Assault Arrest." New
York Times,
May 8, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/08/business/
08cnd-hbo.html?_r=1
&hp&oref=slogin.
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N: 43. Jacques Steinberg, "HBO Chief Takes Leave After Assault Arrest,"
New York Times,
May 8, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/08/
business/08cnd-hbo.html?_r=1 &hp&oref=slogin.
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| Report from a private organization available on organization Web site: |
B:
Burch, Traci. "A Study of Felon and Misdemeanant Voter Participation in North
Carolina." The Sentencing Project, 2007. http://www.sentencingproject.org/
Admin/
Documents/
publications/fd_northcarolina.pdf
(accessed May 8, 2007).
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N: 47. Traci Burch, “A Study of Felon and Misdemeanant Voter Participation in
North Carolina,” The Sentencing Project, 2007, http://www.sentencingproject.org/
Admin/Documents/publications/
fd_northcarolina.pdf (accessed May 8, 2007). |
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