Conversations out of class in the Resource Room (Modoc 118A),
offices, and other venues of our choice
Grading...
These percentages are advisory guidelines to the final grade. |
| Participation and quizzes |
25% |
| Mid-term exam |
15% |
| Cumulative final examination on theory and application of critical
thinking method |
25% |
Critical writing (analytical essays)
|
35% |
Note on quizzes: Quizzes are pass-fail, with a passing grade of 60%. If
your grade is lower than that, you can raise it to passing by coming in
to the Resource Room and going over the quiz in detail with one of the
instructional staff within two weeks of the posting of quiz
grades.
Note on percentages: These percentages are advisory only. Final
grades may be affected beyond these percentages positively by especially
meritorious performance in some part of the course or negatively by
seriously deficient performance in one or more areas, including low
participation in course activities as evidenced by in-class writing. Do
not underestimate the importance of class participation (the CW1 and CW2
columns in WebCT) for your final grade.
|
Course Schedule by Week
To get the full benefit of this course, assigned reading must be done
before coming to class . To help focus your reading and your attention in
class, you should familiarize yourself with the critical thinking terms
and objectives listed for each week.
The PowerPoint presentations from the lectures are linked below. You
can view them in your web browser or in PowerPoint, which is preferable.
If you do not have PowerPoint on your computer, you can download a
PowerPoint Viewer. Click here for Windows. Click here for Macintosh.
A free
version of StarOffice is available here for Linux and Windows
users.
Use this syllabus as a study guide for the semester and for the final
exam.
Week 1
Reading: Syllabus
(CT) Chapter 1 -- Critical Thinking: It Matters; pp. 1-20
(WWW) none this week
Presentation files: About the class [download .ppt], Claims and Issues [download .ppt], Argument Basics [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be familiar with what the text says about basic
critical thinking skills and misconceptions about arguments, plus the
following concepts: issue/question, argument, conclusion, premises,
conclusion and premise indicators, subjectivism, relativism, claim.
Writing #1: "Intro" on WebCT, open until Wednesday of Week 2 at 11
PM
Week 2
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 2 -- Critical Thinking and Clear Writing; pp.
48-67
(WWW) Article
on
Richard Clarke /
Brief critical analysis of the article
Presentation files: De
finitions [download .ppt] and Fallacy Basics [download
.ppt], Logical Conflict [download .ppt]
Objectives:
Be aware of the different types of definitions: stipulative,
explanatory, precising, rhetorical.
Be able to recognize, evaluate, and create these forms of
definition:
by example, by synonym, analytical.
Be able to distinguish and remedy vagueness, ambiguity, and bias.
Be able to recognize, avoid, and repair these fallacies: division,
composition.
Be able to evaluate comparisons: completeness of information, same
standard
of comparison, same reporting and recording practices, comparability
of items
being compared, sources of numbers (including possible
omission of relevant facts), appropriateness of averages (mean,
median, mode).
Understand notions of logical conflict, contradictory, and contrary.
Quiz #1 (Q1) on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 3
Quiz #2 (Q2) on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 4
Quiz #3 (Q3) on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 5
Reading: (CT) Chapter 9 -- Deductive Arguments II:
Truth-Functional Logic; pp. 306-320
Presentation file: Boolean Operators [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be familiar with functions of Boolean
operators AND, OR, NOT.
Be familiar with basics of truth tables
Know rules for "if" and "only if".
Quiz #4 (Q4) on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 6
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 10 -- Inductive Arguments; pp. 357-380
(WWW) TBA
Presentation files: Inductive Reasoning 1 [download .ppt] and Inductive Reasoning 2 [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be able to evaluate analogical and other
inductive arguments.
Understand concepts of representativeness, bias, sample size, error
margin, confidence level.
Be able to identify and respond to these fallacies:
- biased sample
- hasty conclusion
- hasty generalization
- anecdotal evidence
Understand problem of self-selected samples.
Understand problem of slanted questions in polls and surveys.
Know the law of large numbers and gambler's fallacy.
Work on drafts of two critical thinking analyses that are due on
WebCT and in hard copy on Thursday of next week. An explanation of
grading standards is located in the Analytical Writing Skills Rubric.
Week 7
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 11 -- Causal Arguments; pp. 394-400, 417,426-436
(WWW) TBA
Objectives:
Presentation file: Causation [download .ppt]
Know the post hoc fallacy
Understand the notion of hypothesis
Be able to identify these types of causal arguments:
Relevant difference reasoning
Common thread
Know common mistakes in causal reasoning:
overlooking alternative differences and common threads
focusing on irrelevant differences and common threads
overlooking possibility of reversed causation
overlooking possibility that stated cause and effect are both
effects of a 3rd cause
failing to consider the possibility of coincidence
Be aware of problems of:
appeal to anecdotal evidence
circularity
nontestability
vagueness
unnecessary assumptions
conflict with well-established theory
Know the rule of single causation and why it is useful (in-class
discussion).
Work on drafts of two critical thinking analyses that are due on
WebCT and in hard copy on Thursday of this week. An explanation of
grading standards is located in the Analytical Writing Skills Rubric.
Week 8
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 4 -- Persuasion Through Rhetoric; pp. 124-141
(WWW) TBA
Presentation file: Rhetoric 1 [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be aware of what rhetoric and rhetorical devices
are and have
a working knowledge of these types:
- Euphemism and Dysphemism
- Rhetorical comparison/definition/explanation
- Stereotype
- Innuendo
- Loaded question
- Weaseler
- Downplayer
- Ridicule/Sarcasm
- Hyperbole
- Proof surrogate
Be able to critique credibility of news reports and advertisements
Be familiar with concept of intentionality (presented in lecture)
Mid-term exam available on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 9
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 5 -- More Rhetorical Devices: Psychological and Related
Fallacies
(WWW) TBA
Presentation file: Rhetoric 2 [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be able to define what a fallacy is and identify
these informal fallacies:
- Argument from outrage (incl. scapegoating)
- Scare tactics (argument by force)
- Argument from pity
- Argument from envy
- Apple polishing
- Guilt trip
- Wishful thinking
- Peer pressure
- Group think fallacy
- Rationalizing
- Argument from popularity
- Argument from common practice
- Argument from tradition
- Relativism
- Subjectivism
- Two wrongs make a right
- Smokescreen/Red herring
Quiz #5 (Q5) on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 10
Reading: (CT) Chapter 6 -- More Fallacies; pp. 181-200
(WWW) TBA
Presentation file: Rhetoric 3 [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be able to identify these informal fallacies:
- Ad hominem
- Personal attack
- Inconsistency
- Circumstantial ad hominem
- Poisoning the well
- Genetic fallacy
- Positive ad hominem
- Straw man
- False dilemma
- Perfectionist fallacy
- Line drawing fallacy
- Slippery slope
- Misplacing the burden of proof (incl. appeal to ignorance)
- Begging the question
Week 11
Continuation of topics in rhetoric and informal fallacies
Quiz #6 (Q6) on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 12
ALL-WEEK WRITING CLINIC--bring drafts of your essays
to class for in-class work with staff and peers.
Final versions of six critical thinking analyses due in hard copy
and on WebCT by Friday. An explanation of grading standards is located
in the Analytical Writing Skills Rubric.
Week 13
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 8 -- Deductive Arguments I: Categorical Logic; pp.
261-275
(WWW) TBA
Presentation files: Categorical Claims [download
.ppt], and Immediate Inference [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be able to write natural language sentences as
standard-form categorical claims.
Be able to recognize subject and predicate terms in a categorical
claim.
Memorize rules about "only" and "the only".
Understand the Square of Opposition, incl. categorical view of
notions of contrary and
contradictory.
Understand notion of complementary terms.
Be able to identify logically equivalent claims.
Memorize conversion, obversion, contraposition forms of immediate
inference.
Be able to represent single categorical claims in Venn diagrams.
Week 14
Reading: (CT) Deductive Arguments I: Categorical Logic; pp.
281-290
(WWW) TBA
Presentation file: Categorical Syllogisms [download .ppt]
Objectives: Be able to determine validity of categorical
syllogisms using Venn diagrams.
(This includes being able to apply all techniques in the Categorical
Logic chapter except the Rules Method.)
Quiz #7 on WebCT; see WebCT for open period
Week 15
Reading:
(CT) Chapter 12 -- Moral, Legal, and Aesthetic Reasoning; pp. 448-472
Presentation file: Moral Reasoning [download
.ppt]
Objectives:
Understand what a non sequitur is.
Be able to recognize and respond to naturalistic fallacy.
Understand issue of consistency/inconsistency in moral reasoning.
Understand problems of moral relativism and subjectivism.
Review for final exam through study of issues in this chapter
Week 16
Two-part cumulative final exam on WebCT, open from 8 AM Monday
until 5 PM Friday of finals week:
Part One -- 50-question multiple-choice test on WebCT only
Part Two -- "Final Exam Essay" on WebCT and submitted in hard
copy by the end of finals week