Education
Ph.D. University of Texas - Austin; May 1977; Anthropology and Folklore Major; Museology Minor. Dissertation: Play and Inter-Ethnic Communication: A Practical Ethnography of the Mescalero Apache.
MA University of Texas - Austin; August 1974; Anthropology and Folklore Major; Museology Minor. Thesis: Performances of Mescalero Apache Clowns.
BA University of California - Berkeley; June 1970; Anthropology Major
Employment History
2001 Entered F(acutly) E(arly) R(etirement ) P(rogram) at CSU-Chico; For 2001 through 2005 I shall teach in the Fall semesters only and be in retirement Status for the remainder of the each year.
1998-
summer
Visiting Professor, The Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO.
1997-
only
Hulbert Endowed Chair and Visiting Professor of Southwest Studies, The Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO - March-May.
1994-99 Executive Editor/Business Manager Western Folklore; California Folklore Society.
1994-
only
Director, Center for Multicultural and Gender Studies; CSU-Chico.
1990 Rijksuniversiteit-Gent, Belgium; Visiting Professor, January -May.
1985-
present
California State University - Chico; Chico, CA; Professor (1989-present); Coordinator of Certificate Program in Applied Anthropology (a program I developed) and Associate Professor in Anthropology (85-89).
1978-85 University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, IL;  Assistant Professor of Anthropology.
1977-78 School of American Research, Santa Fe, NM; Weatherhead Resident Fellow.
1976-77  National Endowment for the Arts, Folk Arts Program, Washington, DC; Folklorist/Administrator with supervisory responsibilities in a $1.25 million grant program.
1974-75 Whitney M. Young, Jr. Memorial Foundation, Inc., New York, NY; Academic Fellow while doing dissertation fieldwork.
1974 Joint Senate-House Committee on Prison Reform, Texas State Legislature, Austin, TX; Research Associate; summer only. Designed, implemented, collated, and reported on an ethnographic protocol surveying conditions in selected juvenile institutions. Prepared briefs for legislative action.
1973-74 American Folklore Society for the Smithsonian Institution, Austin, TX; part-time fieldwork survey for the Bicentennial Folklife Festival.
1971-74 Public School System, Austin,TX; substitute teacher.
1970-71 Heights School, Alamogordo, NM; sixth grade teacher.
1963-70 Alamogordo, NM; community organizer and volunteer.
1963-65 Otero County Star, Alamogordo, NM; book review editor.
1962 Daughter born - did not work.
1958-61 Washington State University, Pullman, WA; 58-59 accounting clerk; 59-61 secretary to the University Architect.
1957-58 Jennings Radio Mfg. Co. San Jose, CA; Quality Control Division, secretary and statistician.
1956-57 IBM, San Jose, CA; data reduction analyst and field test coordinator for machines in developmental and testing stages.
1956 San Jose State University, San Jose, CA; clerk in payroll-personnel.
1953-56 Various part-time jobs while an undergraduate.


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Meetings of Scholarly Organizations
2001 Invited Conference: Chaco and Mesoamerica.  MayóGrants, NM.  Presentor of several items for general consideration by attendees.
2000a American Folklore Society, annual meeting, OctoberóColumbus, OH.  Paper:  ìWhose Lore, Whose Culture?  Post NAGPRA Intellectual Property Rights,î in the Panel ìFolklorist and Subject.î
        b American Anthropological Association, 99thannual meeting, NovemberóSan Francisco, CA.  Invited discussant for ogranized symposium, ìIntellectual Property, Gatekeepers and Anthropologists:  A (Re)Consideration of the Public Face of Native Philosophy.î
1999a American Indian  Workshop, 20th annual meeting , AprilóLund, Sweden.  ìThe Anthropologist and the Shaman.î
        b American Anthropological Association, NovemberóChicago, IL.  Paper,  ìGender Construction among the Mescalero Apache,î in an organized  session, ìSexuality at the Millenium,î that includes sociocultural anthropologists, archaeologists, folklorists, and an historian.
1998 Western Regional Honors Conference, AprilóAlbuquerque, NM; panelist in symposium discussing linking of honors courses at CSU-Chico in Fall of 1997. (Another CSU prof., Dr. Carol Edelmann, and I took 4 freshman honors students to this conference; the 6 of us were the panel.)
1997  American Folklore Society, OctoberóAustin, TX; invited panelist in forum, ìWomen, Folklore, and Feminisim:  The Texas Legacy;î my presentation, ìWorld View From The Mop Bucket.î  Also invited participant/presentor in symposium, ìTowards New Perspectives on Verbal Art as Performance: Contemporary Visions & Alternate Directions at the Twentieth Anniversary ;î my paper, ìAuthenticity and Performance.î
1996-97 I took the year off from meetings while on leave.
1995a American Indian Workshop, AprilóPorto, Portugal; paper, ìMescalero Apache Women.î (Paper read by a colleague, as I was unable to attend.) 
        b American Anthropological Association, NovemberóWashington, DC; discussant for invited session, ìCommunities Rooted in Sacred Spaces:  Issues of Meaning and Place for Native American Identitiesî; also paper, ìFrom Kroeber to Me to Youî  in invited session, ìWords and Keywords,î sponsored by Senior Anthropologists.
1994a California Folklore Society, AprilóDavis, CA; chaired session, ìSephardic Jews in the Mediterranean and California.î
        b Second Convening of Revisiting the ìNorth American Berdacheî , MayóChicago, IL, Field Museum of Natural History; invited participants only. 
        c American Anthropological Association , NovemberóAtlanta, GA; invited paper, Dreaming of Life While Sparring with Death:  Dreams as Transformative Events, in session ìDreams, Visions, and Inspiration,î sponsored by The Society for the Anthropology of Consciousness.
1993a American Ethnological Society; AprilóSanta Fe, NM;  paper, Who Owns the Words?
        b Second Native American Star Knowledge Conference; NovemberóBoulder, CO; invited presenter to discuss Mescalero Apache astronomy utilizing the resources of the Fiske Planetarium.
        c American Anthropological Association; NovemberóWashington, DC; invited, Wenner-Gren Funded sessions, ìRevisiting the ëNorth American Berdache,í Empirically and Theoretically;î paper,  A Berdache By Any Other NameÖIs A Brother, Friend, Lover, Spouse:  Reflections on a Mescalero Apache Singer of Ceremonies. 
1992a Society for Applied Anthropology; MarchóMemphis, TN; professional standards committee meetings; attender at sessions.
        b American Anthropological Association; DecemberóSan Francisco, CA. Invited presenter at session sponsored by the Society for the Anthropology of Consciousness,  ìSuccess and Failure in Shamanistic Thought and Practice;î paper,  When Prophecy Succeeds.
1991a Cultural Diversity in Education Through Indian Eyes Conference;  Marchó California State University-Chico; panelist for ìDiversity in the Classroom: Resources and Strategies.î
        b Sion Foundation; OctoberóUtrecht, Netherlands.  Invited conference on ìEthical Dimensions of Health and Illness;î pre-print paper, Mescalero Apache Views.  Also, paper, Centering in Quaker and Mescalero Apache Traditions; workshop leader for session on balance and harmony. 
        c American Anthropological Association; NovemberóChicago, IL.  Critical commentator for symposium sponsored by the Association for Feminist Anthropology, ìDefining Women:  Images of Women in Folklore, Ritual and Popular Culture.î
1990a Science of Religion Conference; FebruaryóRijksuniversiteit-Gent, Belgium:  Mescalero Apache Religion:  An Anthropological View.
        b Society for Applied Anthropology; MarchóAprilóYork, England. 
        c Third Oxford International Conference on Archaeoastronomy; SeptemberóSt. Andrews, Scotland:  Invited keynote paper, Blue Archaeoastronomy: Ethnoastronomy  1983-1989. (NB:  These Conferences are by invitation only to 80 scholars throughout the world; unable to attendócolleague read paper for me.)
1989a American Ethnological Society; AprilóSanta Fe, NM. Paper, The Stars in the Sky:  Mescalero Apache Ceremonial Time .
        b Society for Applied Anthropology; AprilóSanta Fe, NM.  Poster Session, Applied Anthropology at CSU-Chico.
1988a California Folklore Society and The Association for the Study of Play; Apriló Berkeley, CA.  Chair, ìMethods and Trends in Folklore Researchî (for CFS) and Chair, ìCommunities at Playî (for TASP).
        b American Folklore Society; OctoberóBoston, MA. Invited participant in Panel, ìExploring the West with American Folklore Studies.î  Paper, Reflections of Ourselves:  Native Americans in Folkore Scholarship, 1888-1988.
1987a The Association for the Study of Play; MarchóMontreal, Canada.  Paper, Playing with the Sacred, Defining the Profane.
        b Traditional Cosmological Society; AugustóSt. Andrews, Scotland.  Paper, Star Clocks:  Mescalero Apache Ceremonial Timing. 
        c American Folklore Society; OctoberóAlbuquerque, NM.  Paper,  Los Moros y Cristianos:  The Natural History of a Northern New Mexico Folk Drama; also, chair of session, ìReligious Expression.î 
        d American Society For Ethnohistory; NovemberóBerkeley, CA.  Paper, Numbers Donít Lie?óCensus Data and their Validity, Government and Mescalero Apache Style.  (A student, Rosalyn McGillivray,  co-author.)  Also chair of session, ìAdvances in Quantitative Ethnohistory.î
        e American Anthropological Association; NovemberóChicago, IL. Invited paper in symposium, ìStrategies in Teaching General Anthropology:  In Pursuit of the Holistic Perspective.  Paper, The Four Rs.
1986a Second Oxford Conference on Archaeoastronomy; JanuaryóMérida, Yucatan, Mexico. Paper, Star Walking; also panelist for final summary panel of the Conference.  [This Conference was by invitation only to 80 scholars from around the world.]
        b  California Folklore Society; AprilóModesto, CA.  Paper,  Timing by the Stars; also chair of session, ìSigns in the Heavensî.
        c American Folklore Society; OctoberóBaltimore, MD.  Paper, Talking about Action: Process in the Personal Experience Narrative, in a symposium entitled ìA Feminist Perspective on Folklore and Folkloristics;î and critical commentary on panel, ìEarth and Sky: Visions of the Cosmos in Native American Folklore.î
1984 American Anthropological Association; NovemberóDenver, CO. Joint paper,  Mescalero Apache Ethnoastronomy:  Ceremonial Timing, with Gene Ammarell of the Fiske Planetarium, University of Colorado.
1983a Central States Anthropological Society; AprilóCleveland, OH.  Symposium invited paper, Identity and Directionality in Mescalero Apache Basketry.
        b Common Differences Conference:  Third World and Feministsí Perspectives; Apriló Urbana, IL.  Panelist for ìArts and Cultural Policy.î
        c  XIth International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological  Sciences; Augustó Vancouver, BC, Canada. Symposium, ìPlay and Ritual as Communication,î invited paper, Libayé: Chiasm and Continuity.
        d First International Conference on Ethnoastronomy; Septemberó Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space Museum, Washington, DC.î  (Conference by invitation only.)  Paper, ìYou're  standing on my Indian watch! î: Mescalero Apache Ceremonial Timing.
        e American Folklore Society;  OctoberóNashville, TN.   Paper, Folklore and Field Schools.  Also, chaired session, ìHistory and Folklore,î and was critical commentator for the symposium ìParables of the Space Age.î
        f American Anthropological Association; NovemberóChicago, IL. Chair of session, ìFestivals, Performing Arts, and Television.î
1982a Native American Art History Conference; MarchóAmes, IA.  Paper, Signs of Self and Other in Mescalero Apache Basketry.  Also chaired session,  ìTheoretical and Methodological Models of Analysis.î
        b  Central States Anthropological Society; AprilóLexington, KY. Organizer and chair of four-hour symposium, ìThe Business of Tradition;î all papers were by graduate students I had directed in a field experience the previous summer.
        c American Folklore Society; OctoberóMinneapolis, MN. Organizer and chair of ìTraditions in the Marketplace;î all papers were by graduate students I had directed in a field experience the previous summer.
1981a The Association for the Anthropological Study of Play; AprilóFt. Worth, TX. Paper, Playing with Tradition.  Also, panelist in discussion of funding resources for play research and chaired session, ìToys in Culture.î
        b American Folklore Society; OctoberóSan Antonio, TX.  Invited paper, Parades and Festivity,  for ìForm, Paradox, and Function in Festival.î
1980a The Association for the Anthropological Study of Play; AprilóAnn Arbor, MI. Paper, Play and Chiasm:  The Ritual Clown. Also chaired session, ìDyadic Play Patterns of Children.î
        b  American Folklore Society; OctoberóPittsburgh, PA.  Invited paper, Folklore and Astronomy: Metaphors of Space and Time, in symposium,ìArchaeoastronomy  and Folklore.î
1979a The Association for the Anthropological Study of Play; AprilóHenniker,  NH. Paper,  Contesting.  Also, chaired session ìEthnographic Approaches to Play.î
        b Conference on Archaeoastronomy in the Americas; JuneóSanta Fe, NM. Paper, Living the Sky:  Mescalero Apache Ethnoastronomy.
        c Conference on New Directions in Native American Art History; Octoberó Albuquerque, NM.  Paper, ìItís the same thing! îóAspects of Mescalero Apache Ethnoaesthetics. 
        d American Anthropological Association; NovemberóCincinnati, OH.  Invited paper, Libayé, the Playful Paradox:  Aspects of the Mescalero Apache Ritual Clown, in symposium ìNative American Ritual Play.î  Also, chaired session ìContemporary North American Indians:  The Maintenance of Ethnic Identity.î
1978a  Advanced Seminar, School of American Research; AprilóSanta Fe, NM.  Paper, Singing for Life:  The Mescalero Apache Girls' Puberty Ceremony, for the seminar, ìSouthwestern Indian Ritual Drama.î
        b American Folklore Society; OctoberóSalt Lake City, UT.  Paper, Folklore, Art, and Base Metaphors.
1977a Georgetown University Roundtable on Languages and Linguistics; Marchó Washington, DC.  Paper,  Ethnohistory through Verbal Lore. Also, discussant for panel on research methods in language and culture.
        b  American Ethnological Association; AprilóSan Diego, CA.  Invited paper, Aesthetics and Native North Americans. Also chaired session,ìAesthetics.îThe remainder of presentations were while I was still a graduate student.
1976a The Association for the Anthropological Study of Play; AprilóAtlanta, GA.  Paper, Mescalero Apache Community Recreation Association.
        b American Folklore Society; OctoberóPhiladelphia, PA.  Invited symposium paper,  Mescalero Dance:  A Four Part Fugue. Also, paper, The Federal Bureaucracy as a Primitive Society or You, too, can be a Fedóin 10 easy lessons;  for the panel ìOccupational Alternatives to Academe.î   Also, chaired session, ìPopular Culture.î
        c American Anthropological Association; NovemberóWashington,  DC. Panelist for session concerning funding.  I represented the National Endowment for the Arts, where I worked at the time; others represented NSF, NIMH, NIDA, NEA, and Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research.
1975a Southwestern Anthropological Association; MarchóSanta Fe, NM. Invited paper, Play and Bicultural Education. Also panelist in ìPluralistic Education in a Pluralistic Society.î
        b The Association for the Anthropological Study of Play; AprilóDetroit, MI. Paper, Play and Inter-ethnic Communication.
        c American Folklore Society; OctoberóNew Orleans, LA.  Paper, Ethics and Ethnics. Also organized and chaired a symposium, ìEthics and Folklore Fieldwork.î
1974a American Folklore Society; OctoberóPortland, OR. Paper, Politeness and Folklore:  Mescalero Apache Style.  Also, chaired session ìPsychology: Childrenís Folklore and Psychology.î
        b American Anthropological Association; NovemberóMexico City, DF.  Paper, The Mescalero Apache Politeness-Decorum System.
1973 American Folklore Society; OctoberóNashville, TN.  Paper,  Folklore Scholarship and Women.  Also organized/chaired a four-hour symposium,   ìWomen in Groups:  The Organization of Expressive Culture Among Women.î
1972 American Folklore Society; OctoberóAustin, TX.  Paper,  Mescalero Apache Girlsí Puberty Ceremony.


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Selected Guest Lectures
2001 Paradise Exchange ClubóParadise, CA; June 5. ìService Dogs.î
2000a California State UniversityóChico, CA; Feb. 10, in Anthropology Forum:  ìOf Time, Clocks, and Other Wondrous Things.î
        b California State UniversityóChico, CA; Nov. 7, in Anth. 300, The State of the Discipline (course required for all incoming new grad. students), ìOn Ethics and NAGPRA as applied to Expressive Culture.î
1999 California State UniversityóChico, CA; Oct. 14, in Anthropology Forum:  ìInstitutional Power and Human Risk in Research,î with Dr. Carolyn Heinz. (Human subjects and federal legislation vs. that at Chico.)
1998-99 Various elementary schools in the Chico Unified School System throughout the academic year.  I brought Apache artifacts and told Apache stories to elementary school children.
1998a St. Maryís College   (University of Maryland system)óSt. Maryís, MD; March    22-25. 1998 Visiting Ethnographer; speaker in several classes and deliverer of lecture ìCrayons, Kaleidoscopes, and Ethnographic Fieldwork.î
        b California State UniversityóChico, CA; Apr. 23, in Anthropology Forum: ìCrayons, Kaleidoscopes, and Ethnographic Fieldwork,î an abbreviated version of what appears immediately above.
1997a Fort Lewis CollegeóDurango, CO; Mar. 28.  Invited speaker (ìNot just the portrait of a woman:  Gladys Lavender and Women in Religionî) for Hozhoni Days American Indian week; also lecture in Dr. Fine-Dareís Theory in Anthropology class.
        b Colorado College, Aficionados Luncheon óColorado Springs, CO; April 2. Guest  speaker, ìReading Baskets.î
        c Colorado College.Course in Southwestern Literatureó Colorado Springs, CO;   May 2. Guest speaker, ìOral Literature and Oral History.î
1995a Butte College and California State University, Chico: Diversity ConferenceóChico, CA; Jan. 11-13.  Workshop Presenter, ìStorytelling as a Means of Culture and Communication.î
        b  Colorado College óColorado Springs, CO; May 12-14. Led faculty Retreat on topic of bringing Native American concerns into American Studies courses.
1994 Colorado College , The Southwest Studies Summer Institute óColorado Springs, CO; June 20-24.  Slide-lecture, ìSinging for Life:  The Apache Girlís Puberty Ceremony.î  Also, slide-lecture and informal discussions throughout week with students of Dr. Victoria Lindsay Levine who were in the Institute entitled The Arts of the Southwest:  Ritual Drama, Myth, and Metaphor.
1993a Smithsonian Institution Resident Associate Program/Campus on the Malló Washington, DC; March. Invited paper, The Mescalero Apache: Integration  of Place Names, Astronomy, and Everyday Life, in the weekly seminar, ìSacred Cosmology:  Expressions in the Monumental Works of Ancient Cultures.î 
        b University of Virginia Department of Anthropology, Friday Seminarsó Charlottesville, VA; March. Paper, Mescalero Apache Astronomy, Toponyms, and Sacred Geography.
1992 Lake County Museumó Lakeport, CA; April. Lecture, Of Ceremonies and Stars: The Mescalero Apache Perspective.
1991 Rijksvuniversiteit-GentóSeminarie voor AntropologieóGhent, Belgium; October. Lecture, Folklore and Migration.
1990a C. G. Jung Institute of ChicagoóEvanston, IL; January.  Two-day seminar/workshop, Rituals of Life/Rituals of Healing.
        b Flemish-American ClubóAntwerp, Belgium; February.  Lecture, Iconography of the Mescalero Apache Girlsí Puberty Ceremonial.
1988a National Association for the Preservation and Perpetuation of Storytelling, Second National Congress of StorytellingóSanta Fe, NM; June.   Moderator for a panel discussion on ethnic heritage storytelling, conductor of workshops on story research in ethnic communities, and lecturer, History in the Classroomó Preserving Cultural Heritage Through Stories.
        b Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona-TucsonóTucson, AZ; July. Lecture, Long-Term Ethnography (for Dr. Trudy Griffin-Pierceís class.)
        c KRCR-TVóRedding, CA; December. Television panel on Christmas customs for airing on Christmas day.
1987 C. G. Jung Institute of ChicagoóEvanston, IL; November. Lecture, Centering: Lessons Learned from Mescalero Apaches.
1985a C. G. Jung Institute of ChicagoóStarved Rock, IL; March.  Weekend workshop/retreat.  Lecture, Mescalero Apache Reality Construction and Dreaming.
        b  Harvard Graduate School of Educationó Cambridge, MA; April. Lecture, Learning about Learning.
1984 University of Colorado, Fiske PlanetariumóBoulder, CO; November. Lecture/planetarium display, Mescalero Apache Astronomy.
1983a University of Tennessee-ChattanoogaóChattanooga, TN;  March.  Lectures, Rebuilding an Ethnic Heritage:  The Mescalero Apache in the Modern World and Headaches in Three Cultures:  Cross Cultural Medical Practices. (Also several lectures in various classes during the week I was a visiting
professor.)
        b St. Johnís CollegeóSanta Fe, NM; June.  Lecture, Living Literature:  A Mescalero Apache Example.
        c St. John's CollegeóSanta Fe, NM; July.  Lecture, The Mescalero Apache Girlsí Puberty Ceremonial.
1982 School of American ResearchóSanta Fe, NM; July. Culture Change, Chiasms, Clowns, and Cylinders or How things change yet stay the same.
1981a WILL Radio  (PBS affiliate)óChampaign/Urbana, IL; June. Lecture, Anthropology and Play, for Focus 580 program; Grace Babakhanian, producer.
        b WILL Radio  (PBS affiliate)óChampaign/Urbana, IL; October.  Lecture/discussion,  Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts, for Feature Place program; Charles Lindslay, producer; this program is usually re-broadcast each Hallowe'en.
1980a Smithsonian InstitutionóWashington, DC; June. Lecture, Living the Sky:  Mescalero Apache Ethnoastronomy, for an Associates Seminar.
        b Cuyamungue InstituteóSanta Fe, NM; July.  Lecture, Culture Change and Apaches.
1979 Eastern Illinois UniversityóCharleston, IL; May.  Lecture, Community Aesthetics.
1978 Santa Fe Preparatory SchoolóSanta Fe, NM; March. Assembly lectures, Constructing Your Own Mythology  and Writing Dictionaries.
1977 George Washington UniversityóWashington, DC; April.  Lecture, Oral History and Folklore.The remainder of the selected guest lectures were while I was still a graduate student.
1976a University of VirginiaóCharlottesville, VA; July.   ìFolklore in Americaî summer seminar series.  Lectures on women's folklore and  contemporary Mescalero Apaches, as well as workshop on grantsmanship.
        b National Park ServiceóHarpers Ferry, WV; September. Slide lecture, Mescalero Apache Ritual (with Bernard Second, an Apache ritual specialist.)
        c University of VirginiaóCharlottesville, VA; November. Lectures on childrenís free play and ethnography.


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