Figurative Language

Simile:

A simile is a poetic figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between one thing and another. Similes are characterized by the use of either "like" or "as" in the comparison.

Personification:

Personification is the attachment of human characteristics to things that are not human--animals, objects, ideas. This fleshes out the personified object, making it easier to understand (sometimes) or making us consider aspects of the thing in a new and fresh way.

 


 

Ode On Melancholy

John Keats

 

No, no, go not to Lethe, neither twist

 

aWolfs-bane, tight-rooted, for its poisonous wine;

 

Nor suffer thy pale forehead to be kiss'd

 

aBy nightshade, ruby grape of Proserpine;

 

Make not your rosary of yew-berries,

 

aNor let the beetle, nor the death-moth be

 

aaYour mournful Psyche, nor the downy owl

 

A partner in your sorrow's mysteries;

 

aFor shade to shade will come too drowsily,

 

aaAnd drown the wakeful anguish of the soul.

 

 

But when the melancholy fit shall fall

 

Simile: melancholy is here

aSudden from heaven like a weeping cloud,

likened to a rainstorm

That fosters the droop-headed flowers all,

 

aAnd hides the green hill in an April shroud;

 

Then glut thy sorrow on a morning rose,

 

aOr on the rainbow of the salt sand-wave,

 

aaOr on the wealth of globed peonies;

 

Or if thy mistress some rich anger shows,

 

aEmprison her soft hand, and let her rave,

 

aaAnd feed deep, deep upon her peerless eyes.

 

 

She dwells with Beauty--Beauty that must die;

 

Personification: the "she" here is a personification

aAnd Joy, whose hand is ever at his lips

of melancholy. Beauty, Joy, and Pleasure are

Bidding adieu; and aching Pleasure nigh,

likewise personified in these lines.

aTurning to poison while the bee-mouth sips:

 

Ay, in the very temple of Delight

 

aVeil'd Melancholy has her sovran shrine,

 

aaThough seen of none save him whose strenuous tongue

 

Can burst Joy's grape against his palate fine;

 

aHis soul shall taste the sadness of her might,

 

aaAnd be among her cloudy trophies hung.

 

 


More about how this poem is constructed can be found below:

Sound devices: alliteration, assonance, consonance

Rhyme: rhyme, slant rhyme, eye rhyme, internal rhyme, and rhyme scheme

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